Composite tie for railways.



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W. J. CRAWFORD @L E. R. INMAN. vCon/moslim TIE PoR RAILWAYS APPLICATION FILED P31112, 1912.

. Patented Feb.1"?, 1914.

. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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W. J. CRAWFORD & E. R. INMAN.

COMPOSITE TIE POR RAILWAYS.

APPLICATIOB FILED FEB.12,1912.

Patented Feb. 17, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2,

Imam/tou WILLIAM J. CRAWFORD EDWARD H l NMAN UNITED STATES PAENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM J. CRAWFORD AND EDVARD R. INMAN, OF FRANKLIN, PENNSYLVANIA.

COMPOSITE TIE FOR- RAILVVAYS.

To ali w/Lo'm it may concern Be it known that we, WILLIAM l. GRAW-- Fonn and EnwAn-n R. INMAN, citizens df the United States, residing at Franklin, in the county of Venango and State of Pennsyl Vania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Composite Ties for Rail- It'isa fact Well known to railway engi-V neeis, that there is no material of which a tie can be made, that is generally more satisfactory than wood, but upon account of the growing scarcity of suitable timber from which to make ties, some suitable construction is being sought for, which may be made tovtake the place of wood. There are many serious objections to metal ties, and among these, is the fact that their use necessitates a variety of special accessories, such as spikes, ortheir equivalents, rail joints, ctc.

It is the object of our invention to provide a composite tie, composed of both wood and metal` which will not require any modiication of the rail, its joints or the spikes, in laying or repairing track, and which will readily interchange with a wooden tie 'of the usual construction, without necessitating any special provision therefor. This object is attained by constructingthe body of the tie of metal, and providing suitable mortises or housings therein, for the reception of wooden blocks for the rails to rest upon, and which, with the exception of length, have otherwise substantially the same dimensions as the standard railway tie.

One form of construction wherein our invention is practically embodied, is illus trateclx in vthe drawings, the various figures of wh eh are as follows Figur-e` 1 is a plan View of one end of a tie, embdfgiying our invention, with a wooden yblock in position; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a side elevation, with the mortlse shown 1n section upon the line I II III of Fig. 1, the block being removed;-

Fig. 4 is a plan view of one end of the metallic portion of our tie, from which the block is removed; Fig. 5 is a transverse sec'- tion uponmlin'e V V of Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a plan view'of` one end of our tie, showing a.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 12, 1912.

Patented Feb. 17, 1914.

serial No. 677,057.'

tie plate in its proper position upon th wooden block; Fig. 7 isa section upon Y'line VH VH ot Fig. 6, and in addition thereto,

a rail is shown in position upon the tie;

Fig. S a plan view of an improved tie plate, which we prefer to use with our tie.

The same reference characters are applied to identical parts in all the views.

The construction here shown, is Substantially as follows lVe construct a cross tie or body 1, which is preferably labout nineA feet in length, though it may be more or less, as desired, and ata suitable distance apart therein,--depending upon the gage of the road upon which the tie is to be used,-we form boxes or mortises 2, `(one end only being shown), for the reception of a wooden'block f5, Awhich is preferably about the width and thickness of a standard wooden tie. l\'l.ortise 2 i's somewhat longer and wider tha-n the block 3, but its depth is such that the block projects somewhat above the same ln the bottom of the mortise are formed a number of pads t, upon which the block 3 rests. At the sides and ends ot the inortiscs, are formed a number of loeating ribs 5, which contact with the lower edge of thc vsides and ends of theblock 3, for the purpose of automatically'centering the block within the mortise, thus insuring an equal space all around the block, between its faces and the inside wall of tlietniortise. This space is filled, after the bloeit 3 is in position, with any suitable plastic material, which is preferably an asphaltum pitch 6, shown especially in Fig. 7, whiclrpitch is poured in, in a molten state. A suitable mouth, as 7, may bc formed at any conven icnt point inthe wall of the mortise, for the introduction of said plastic material. The upper edge of the mortise projects inwardly all around, to form a stop 8 for the plastic material, so that., if it should become cracked in cold weather, or in any other way, become loosened, it cannot get out of the mortise. When pitch is used and is poured into the mortise in a molten state, it

adheres yery tenaciously to the slpface of this oliice, in addition to its regular function. Said tie plate 9y is applied to the tie in the 'following manner :--At, either side of the inortise, is formed a hooked luv" 10 and i block in approximately the position which it. is to occuiiy; it is' then moved longitudinally or outward until the llugs 12 pass under the hooks of the lugs 10 and the outer edge, in proximity to the notch 11, passes beneath the hooked lug 11. The rail 15 is then placed in position and the spikes 1G are driven in, and, when so Secured, the rail cannot be moved laterally so as to produce spre' l and l .t will not permit a longitudinal or outward movement of plate 9. Said plate is provided with a shoulder 17, against which the outside` lateral edge of the rail-'flange abuts, for the purpose olf relieving the outer spikes o1"- a portion of the strain due to the tendency ol' the rails to spread. The edges of the plate adjacent to the lugs 12, bear against the lugs 10 and the notch 14 engages the lug 11. and this arrangement prevents the plate from being moved by the expansion and contraction ot' the rail or the creeping thereof. Because of this provision, there is no necessity for using a plate with ,flanges or 'claws upon its under side, which cause a detrimental nnitilation of the tie. ',l`he spike-holes 1G may be located aS cirmnnstances require.

The intermediate portion ol the tie, bctwccn the niorlise boxes, may be ot any suitable cross-section, but that here shown is T-shape, with the flanges downward, thisl p l its respective morttsc, a tie-plate adapted to being best ada ptcd 'lor the reception of ballast, as it', will present a'bctter retaining surface to the ballast than any other Shape, and the ballast may be easily tamped around and beneath it.

At the center ol the tic, a hole 18 is formed, for convenience in handling the tic. 'lhe end webs 1) also have metal removed at Qt) for t-hc same-puri'losc.

.'\t they ct-ntcr o l' thc tie, a lug 2l is formed, to projectabovc. tho surface of thoballast of the track, to enable track-Walkers and repair niet: to readily and quickly locate the tic, this bring desirable for the reason that the central portion of the tie is ol such l,shape that it, will usually be covered by thc ballast of the truck. 1

While we have lrcrc shown a tic plate in track, in as much as the lugs 1G' combination with our improved tie, we do not wish. to be understood as confining ourselves to its use at all times, because upon some roads Where tratlie is not heavy, and upon straight track, it could be safely dispensed with.

We claim- 1. A composite tie for railways, consisting of ainctallc body having mortises Ylor the reception of rail supports, composed of blocks of wood of smaller horizontal dimensions than said mortisc, means within said lnortisc causing the concentric positioning of said block therein, and a plastic material filling the space around said blocks.

2. A composite tie for railways, consisting of the combination o a metallic body having a mortise in each cud thereof, arranged for the reception ol a rail-support,

a block ot' wood of smaller horizontal disurface of said block and the walls of Said' lnortise, a lug upon either side of caclrof said niort-isos, formed integrally with said body and adapted for the engagement of the lateral edges ol' a. tic-p`latc, a lugiat the outer end of cach of said mortises, also formed integral with said body and adapted for the engagement ot the outer cnd of a tie-plate, a tic-plate resting upon. each of said rail-supports, engaged by said lugs adjacent thereto, a rail resting upon said plate, .and spikes securing said body, rail-support, tic-plate and rail together.

3. A composite tie for railways eonsisting of the combination of a metallic body having a mortise in each end thereof arranged for the reception of a rail-support, engaging means upon said body adjacent to said inortiscs, arranged to engage a tie-plato, u, block ol: wood o tl smaller horizontal di- 'nlcnsions than said lnortists positioned in rest upon cach ot' said supliorts and to be engaged by said engaging means, a rail resting upon cach ot` said plates, and ineanssocuring said body, blocks, plates and railsitogcther.

4. A composite tie for railways, cornprising, in colnbinat ion, a metallic body havingr mortiscs in either cud thereof arranged for the reception ol: a rail-support, tie-plate-engaging incansforxncd integrally with said body and positioned adjacent to said mortiscs, a block of wood of smaller horizontal dimensions than said mortiscs positioned in each thereof, a suitable material illing the intervening spa-'sc between the surfaces of said blocks and the wall of their respectivo mortises, a tic-glatte adaptedto rest: upon each of said supports and to be engaged by said engaging means, a rail resting upon each of said plates, and spikes securing said body, blocks, tie-plate and rails together.

5. A composite tie for railways comprising in combination, a metallic body provided with a mortise adjacent to either end thereof and arranged for the reception of a rail-Support, tie-plate engaging-lugs formed integrally with said body and positioned adjacent to said Inortises, a rail-support of smaller horizontal dimensions than said mortises and positioned in each thereof, a

tie-plate positioned upon said support and arranged in engagement with the l1 Y pff L respective niortise, and meansA with Said plate arranged to Seeur blocks, plates and rails together,

In testimony whereof We atl'ix our signa tures in presence of two Witnesses.

TVILL [AM J CRA VFOR D. EDW'ARI) R. INMAN.

Witnesses H. Gr. JOHNSON, E. K. SMILEY. 

